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Few 27-year-olds look at used cooking oil and see a green business opportunity to produce soap or dog food.

But that is what Hugo Daniel Chávez, a project manager for the NGO Sustenta Honduras, has done.

"We have so many businesses and domestic practices that create waste, so we are trying to transform waste and give it a second life," he tells the BBC.

Across Latin America, several million tonnes of cooking oil are consumed every year. It is often used to fry food, mostly chicken, plantain strips, chips and pork.

But reusing and heating it too often – as is often the case in Honduras, where there is a huge black market for used cooking oil – can create compounds which are bad for consumers' health.

Improperly discarded, it can also have a massive detrimental impact on the environment.

If it is drained down the sink, it can damage pipes and contaminate groundwater, and when it is tossed by the side of the road, it can contaminate freshwater and crops many communities rely on.

Faced with these health and environmental hazards, the young green entrepreneurs behind Sustenta tried to come up with a solution which would not only give businesses an incentive to dispose of their oil and grease properly, but also turn these waste products into something useful.

The NGO's executive director, Ricardo Pineda, explains that their idea originated from earlier efforts by different companies and organisations to transform used cooking oil into biodiesel. "But in Honduras, we don't have a market for biodiesel," he says.

"So we decided to produce products that can do well in our domestic markets [such as soap and dog food]."

In order to make it more attractive to people to get rid of the oil legally rather than sell it to unscrupulous buyers, Sustenta offers to buy the used cooking oil and pick it up regularly from the shops that participate in their project.

Their efforts have gained international recognition, most notably when they were awarded a $20,000-prize as one of the winners of the 2023 Youth4Climate Energy Challenge, a global initiative co-led by the Italian government and the United Nations Development Programme.

Sustenta also receives funding from the embassy of the The Netherlands in the region, which told the BBC that it chose Sustenta because "their project offered an innovative and viable solution, using an enterprising approach which has a social impact".

"It [their project] not only contributes to lessening the environmental impact through an emphasis on creating a circular economy, but also empowers young people and women – the groups most affected by climate change – and generates green jobs."

Sustenta offers between 2.50 and 3.50 Lempiras (£0.08 and £0.11) per pound of used cooking oil.

And it is not just small businesses it deals with.

In May of 2024, the NGO signed a contract with the Mexican and Central American division of the retail giant Walmart.

This contract guarantees a flow of used cooking oil and grease from all companies related to Walmart to Sustenta, which Mr Pineda says is critical to Sustenta's project.

"We needed a reliable flow to scale up production. (…) Otherwise, we could quickly run out of used cooking oil, because of the black market that is competing with us," adds Mr Chávez.

It then brings the cooking oil and grease to a plant in Comayagua, where they are purified and processed in a reaction known as saponification. This process combines fats or oils with an alkali to produce soap.

Mr Pineda says that Sustenta is keen to develop "a circular ecological system in which we reuse everything".

"Next to our plant that produces the soap and dog food, someone else has a water purification plant and we use the water that plant cannot purify, its waste so to say, for our water cooling system," he explains.

The idea of teaming up with Walmart, Mr Pineda says, is "to sell the dog food and soap we have refined from their waste at Walmart".

"They could profit from their own waste and also see the economic value behind circular economies, " he tells the BBC.

At 15 lempiras (£0.45) per bar of soap, the project makes a monthly revenue of over 106,000 Lempiras (£3,194.70), which excludes fixed costs like salaries, commission and distribution.

Mr Pineda emphasises that "the money doesn't stay with us". "We just help with the implementation of the project and as soon as it's up and running we seek new opportunities," he says.

The recycling of cooking oil is just one several projects running simultaneously at Sustenta.

The organisation is comprised of young people, all under 30 and averaging 23 years of age, and their youthful enthusiasm and impatience with established ways of doing things has been key to their approach.

"We started as a young group that was sick of the regular ways large institutions handle issues with climate change and the environment," Mr Pineda says.

"We want to create actual solutions and not sit around only talking about what could be done."

Their strategy also differs from that of other young environmental organisations in the region, who often focus on a confrontational approach, trying to halt large mining or energy projects and holding politicians accountable for corruption.

But Sustenta's project coordinator, Paola Acevedo, says the two approached are not at odds, but rather complement each other: "This type of [classical] environmentalism is very important and there is no doubt that we need it."

"We try to focus on solutions, while the others fight on the front lines," she adds.

An owner reportedly left a heavily-pregnant cat to die in a bin bag, an animal rescue centre has said.

Bosses at Little Paws Rescue, based in Clevedon, North Somerset, said an investigation has been launched after one of the "most horrific" incidents they have had to deal with.

They were called on Sunday after a member of the public found the dead cat on a popular walking route, called the 100 steps, in Hanham, South Gloucestershire.

Imogen Scofield, from Little Paws Rescue, said "heartbreakingly" the calico cat tried to claw her way out of the bag and went into labour after being dumped.

A woman who used "an array of wigs" while completing UK citizenship tests for other people has been sentenced to more than four years in jail.

Josephine Maurice, from Enfield in north London, pretended to be both women and men when she took the Life in the UK Test on behalf of 13 applicants between 1 June 2022 and 14 August 2023.

Maurice, a former bus driver, had pleaded guilty to 13 counts of fraud, a charge of conspiracy to commit fraud and two counts of possession of another person's identity documents.

Sentencing her on Tuesday, District Judge Anthony Callaway, sentencing on Tuesday, described Maurice's actions as "wholesale assault" on the immigration system.

'Deliberate fraud'

At Snaresbrook Crown Court, Judge Callaway said there was a "clear advantage" to people who wanted to progress towards citizenship without following all the procedures.

The Life in the UK Test is a requirement for anyone seeking to obtain indefinite leave to remain or to become a British citizen.

It consists of 24 questions aimed at proving the applicant has sufficient knowledge of British values, history and society.

Applicants pay £50 to take the test, which includes questions such as "who was king of England at the time of the Norman invasion in 1066?" and "how often does Prime Minister's Questions occur when Parliament is sitting?"

The judge told Maurice, who appeared via videolink from HMP Bronzefield: "You attended test centres fraudulently undertaking Life in the UK Tests on behalf of other persons who, naturally, were supposed to and were intended to be there.

"It is clear that the fraud was deliberate and sophisticated and involved the alteration of identity documents, travel documents, false wigs and other matters.

"The geography was varied. You attended in person a variety of centres in London and elsewhere including Stratford, Luton, Hounslow, Reading, Oxford, Nottingham and Milton Keynes."

'Well organised'

Provisional driving licences were found at her home after her arrest earlier this year.

Prosecutor Nana Owusuh said it is difficult for investigators to quantify the financial benefits of the "well organised" scam or to "calibrate any gains".

Defence lawyer Stephen Akinsanya told the court that Maurice was not the mastermind of the scam but the offences could potentially rise to "affecting national security if people are passing tests when they have no right to be here".

He told the court prior to her arrest she was a bus driver with Arriva and looking after her 25-year-old son who had schizophrenia.

Mr Akinsanya said: "She foolishly agreed to help someone and this is where it has landed her – in custody and away from her son who is clearly vulnerable, that's what keeps her awake at night."

Maurice was jailed for four years and six months.

Warnings that NHS home care in parts of the Highlands was over-stretched and failing were ignored for years before watchdogs stepped in, according to a union.

The GMB said workers repeatedly warned Sutherland Care at Home Service managers that visits were being missed or cut short due to "understaffing and unrealistic schedules".

Last month, the Care Inspectorate highlighted "serious and significant concerns" and said it could be closed down without immediate improvement.

NHS Highland said it would work closely with staff to put actions in place as soon as possible, adding that it had begun an investigation.

Care at Home offers support to people who find it difficult to manage daily routines.

A Labour MP has slammed bus services in her constituency as "unreliable" and "inaccessible".

Cramlington and Killingworth's Emma Foody surveyed hundreds of constituents which found broad dissatisfaction with services in the area.

Speaking in the House of Commons, Foody said the government's upcoming Bus Services Bill needed to put passengers "back in the driving seat".

Leader of the House of Commons, Lucy Powell, said the bill would devolve more powers locally to improve transport options.

"The villages and towns across my Cramlington and Killingworth constituency rely heavily on our bus services," Foody said.

"Despite this, my Big Bus Survey that I've been running recently shows that local people too often have found buses to be unreliable, inaccessible and they don't take them to the places they need to go."

'Affordable and reliable'

Powell replied the Bus Service Bill will give local areas the power to have "affordable and reliable bus services".

The bill will give local authorities control over routes, timetables, connections and fares, according to the Local Democracy Reporting Service.

It will also lift the ban on councils establishing their own bus companies and ensure that lifeline bus services cannot be removed or changed without councils reviewing their ability to serve communities.

"I have seen what happens with local areas like mine in Manchester having those powers," Powell said.

"It has massively increased the number of people using bus services and has brought in extra funding from doing so."

The Conservative Party has previously called on the government to explain how local authorities would fund the proposals.

Pope Francis was a "real game-changer" when it came to the Catholic Church's treatment of gay people, a London LGBT+ faith group has said.

Martin Pendergast, the secretary of the LGBT+ Catholics Westminster Pastoral Council, said the pontiff had turned away from "really quite offensive" statements made by his predecessors on issues of sexuality and gender identity.

While Pope Francis maintained the Vatican's position that homosexual acts were sinful, he said gay people should not be marginalised from the Church, adding: "Who am I to judge?"

The LGBT+ Catholics Westminster group met the Pope at the Vatican in 2019, which Mr Pendergast said caused controversy.

"More conservative Catholics were up in arms because they saw this as the Pope affirming an LGBT group such as we were and are," he said.

He described the meeting as a "very significant step" in improving the Church's relations with the LGBT+ community.

"It was a personal affirmation, but it was also an affirmation of the kind of ministry that we offer here in the Diocese of Westminster, which is a welcoming ministry for LGBT Catholics, parents and families," Mr Pendergast said.

He said another change to tradition took place in 2023 when Pope Francis permitted the blessing of same-sex couples. The pontiff said at the time that any request for a blessing should be treated with "pastoral charity".

During Francis's papacy, some priests who were openly gay were removed from their posts but the Vatican changed this policy in 2023, allowing gay men to enter the priesthood as long as they remained celibate.

The Pope also issued an apology in May last year following reports that he had used extremely derogatory language towards gay men in a private meeting.

Francis, the first Pope from South America, is also being remembered by other Catholic communities across London.

Fr Carlos Abajos, chaplain to the Latin American community at St Anne's Church in Vauxhall, said it was an "amazing surprise" to them when the Argentine was elected Pope in 2013.

"We thought that was the opportunity for our Latin American community because we were very well-represented," he said.

Fr Abajos said Pope Francis adopted a "Latin American style" in his approach to the papacy.

"He was so near to the people, so spontaneous."

A driver has been rescued from a canal by firefighters using an inflatable raft after a heavy goods vehicle plunged into the water.

Emergency services were called to the Trent and Mersey Canal on Booth Lane in Middlewich at 07:00 BST, Cheshire Fire and Rescue Service said.

They used the raft to rescue the trapped driver, who was not thought to be seriously hurt, from the cab of the half-submerged lorry, the service said.

Efforts are now underway to remove the vehicle from the canal.

Booth Lane has been closed and drivers have been asked to avoid the area, a fire service spokesman said.

A tourist body has welcomed the seasonal return of an open-top bus, describing it as one of the cheapest attractions in a Norfolk seaside town.

First Eastern Counties now has six Coastal Clipper Cabriolets running from Hemsby to the Pleasure Beach.

While several towns offer sightseeing tourist buses, the Coastal Clipper Cabriolet service has a £1.50 fare and can even be accessed for free with certain bus passes.

Asa Morrison, chief executive of Visit Great Yarmouth, said: "The Coastal Clipper Cabriolet post was one of the most-liked Facebook posts we had this year and had a number of comments from people looking forward to going on it in 2025."

Michael Wilson, visiting from Sheffield, said: "It's value for me. You see everything from one side to the other. It's very good for them to be regular."

Gill Pawson, from Norwich, said: "We don't have to pay at all because we've got our bus passes. It's fabulous and such nice weather today. We've picked the right day for a beach walk."

Shelley Wilson, on holiday from Essex, said: "It's a really cheap day out, especially when you have got a lot of kids. Can't really get better than an open-top bus. Loving life!"

First Bus spokesperson Claire Quinton-Tulloch said: "It's such a lovely traditional British holiday experience riding an open top bus. It's just a lovely thing for this place and these tourists.

"I think it's so incredibly popular and well loved here, with the large [holiday] parks to the north of the town and the length of the seafront, just lends itself well to having a service like this.

"Because there's so many visitors, it's an incredibly busy tourist place in the summer months, but there's a lot of people needing to move around the town."

'A little gem'

Asa Morrison, the chief executive of Visit Great Yarmouth, said when he highlighted on social media that the service was starting for the season, it was the most engaged post so far this year.

"It's a little gem, it's part of the holiday experience, and I think because we are in Norfolk, we don't have anything blocking the view, and it's a pretty good view from the top of that bus.

"The fact that the route follows the holiday parks creates a brilliant service for local people – but it wouldn't be there if it weren't for the huge number of visitors we get."

While Norwich, Cambridge and Southend have tourist sightseeing buses that run on special fares and allow passengers to hop on and hop off at attractions, only Great Yarmouth and Clacton have regular services in the East, accessible via capped fares and bus passes.

Ipswich Buses withdrew its open-top bus, which used to operate from Woodbridge to Felixstowe via Ipswich, in 2019.

Keith Wakefield, head of staffing at the Great Yarmouth Bus Depot, said: "They [Tourists] are on holiday, they want to enjoy the ride rather than just sit and read the paper and talking on their phones.

"It does help because of the £3 capped fare from the government, because then the people are getting the cheap [fare] and thrill of the ride."

Some of the largest animals to ever take to the air actually spent much of their time on the ground, a new study claims.

Researchers at the University of Leicester have been examining the tracks left by a type of pterosaur called Quetzalcoatlus, which had a wingspan of up to 10m (32ft).

They believe the quantity and widespread location of their footprints show the creatures began to spend more time on the ground about 160 million years ago and continued to do so until they died out with the dinosaurs 66 million years ago.

The team said the tracks offered an insight into the behaviour of these animals which cannot be gleaned from studying the fossilised bones alone.

Pterosaurs were a group of flying reptiles which existed at the same time as the dinosaurs, but were evolutionarily distinct from them.

By using 3D modelling, detailed analysis and comparisons with pterosaur skeletons, the team said they have matched some tracks with Quetzalcoatlus and others with two separate groups of pterosaurs.

Robert Smyth, a doctoral researcher in the Centre for Palaeobiology and Biosphere Evolution, said: "Footprints offer a unique opportunity to study pterosaurs in their natural environment.

"They reveal not only where these creatures lived and how they moved, but also offer clues about their behaviour and daily activities in ecosystems that have long since vanished."

He said footprints of Quetzalcoatlus have been found in both coastal and inland areas around the world, supporting the idea these long-legged creatures not only dominated the skies but were also frequent ground dwellers.

Another group of pterosaurs, ctenochasmatoids, which are known for their long jaws and needle-like teeth, mostly left tracks in coastal deposits, indicating they waded along muddy shores or in shallow lagoons, using their specialised feeding strategies to catch small fish or floating prey.

Fossilised tracks were also matched to a third group, dsungaripterids, which had powerful limbs and jaws, with toothless, curved beak tips.

These were designed for prising out prey, while large, rounded teeth at the back of their jaws were perfect for crushing shellfish and other tough food items.

Mr Smyth added: "Tracks are often overlooked when studying pterosaurs, but they provide a wealth of information about how these creatures moved, behaved, and interacted with their environments.

"By closely examining footprints, we can now discover things about their biology and ecology that we can't learn anywhere else."

Almost a quarter of police vehicles are more than 10 years old, with an increasing number stuck in repair shops, a report by the Northern Ireland Audit Office (NIAO) has found.

The Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) has a fleet of 2,700 vehicles which clock up 27 million miles a year.

It told the NIAO there are significant pressures in providing vehicles for frontline services, whilst it also "recognises the potential safety risks associated with an older fleet".

Between 2021 and 2024, the cost of repairs and maintenance completed at inhouse workshops was almost £11m.

The proportion of the fleet in workshops on any given day has risen from 6% to 16%.

The NIAO said "at its most extreme", almost 500 vehicles were off the road at a given time.

Four years ago, the PSNI launched a strategy setting out plans for the modernisation of its fleet, with the ambition for the average age of vehicles to be five years.

But this has not been achievable, with most vehicles exceeding the target.

Almost £26m has been spent on purchasing new vehicles since 2021.

PSNI fleet management 'critical'

Commenting on the report, Northern Ireland's Comptroller and Auditor General Dorinnia Carville said effective fleet management is "critical" for the PSNI.

She added: "Achieving the planned fleet replenishment rates within the current financial environment will be challenging, however, managing an ageing fleet is also costly, with potentially significant operational impacts.

"This report finds that progress has been made in a number of areas but that there is much more to be achieved, particularly in relation to the introduction of electric vehicles."

The PSNI had planned to have about 700 electric vehicles by next year.

As of last October it had 179.

Electric vehicles are said to be unsuitable for many roles within the PSNI, including an inability to carry the weight of armouring.

Assistant Chief Officer Mark McNaughten of the PSNI said the nature of its "current budgetary situation remains profoundly challenging".

He said the PSNI is committed to improving its fleet, "however, years of underfunding have impacted our ability to deliver on the outcomes set in the fleet strategy".

"The Police Service warned back in January 2023 that lack of funding for the organisation would lead to a reduced operational fleet, with damaged or broken vehicles waiting longer for repair," he added.

"This prediction is borne out in the report.

"We will work closely with our partners in the Department of Justice and NI Policing Board in responding to the report recommendations."